دښمن in All languages combined

IPA: /dux.man/ [Peshawar], /duʂ.man/ [Kandahar] Forms: dux̌man [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], دښمن [direct, singular], دښمنان [direct, plural], دښمن [oblique, singular], دښمنانو [oblique, plural], دښمنه [singular, vocative], دښمنانو [plural, vocative] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: Borrowed from Classical Persian دشمن (dušman). Etymology templates: {{bor+|ps|fa-cls|دشمن|tr=dušman}} Borrowed from Classical Persian دشمن (dušman) Head templates: {{head|ps|noun||||{{{pl}}}||{{{m}}}||{{{f}}}|cat2=|f2tr=|g=m|g2=|head=|sort=|tr=dux̌man}} دښمن • (dux̌man) m, {{ps-noun|g=m|tr=dux̌man}} دښمن • (dux̌man) m Inflection templates: {{ps-decl-noun-2|دښمن|dux̌man|دښمنان|dux̌manân|دښمن|dux̌man|دښمنانو|dux̌manâno|دښمنه|dux̌mana|دښمنانو|dux̌manâno}}

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "دشمن",
      "دشمن#Persian"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ps",
        "2": "fa-cls",
        "3": "دشمن",
        "tr": "dušman"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian دشمن (dušman)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian دشمن (dušman).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dux̌man",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ps-noun-m-animate",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمن",
      "roman": "dux̌man",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "direct",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمنان",
      "roman": "dux̌manân",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "direct",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمن",
      "roman": "dux̌man",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمنانو",
      "roman": "dux̌manâno",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمنه",
      "roman": "dux̌mana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمنانو",
      "roman": "dux̌manâno",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ps",
        "10": "{{{f}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{pl}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{m}}}",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "dux̌man"
      },
      "expansion": "دښمن • (dux̌man) m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "tr": "dux̌man"
      },
      "expansion": "دښمن • (dux̌man) m",
      "name": "ps-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "دښمن",
        "10": "dux̌mana",
        "11": "دښمنانو",
        "12": "dux̌manâno",
        "2": "dux̌man",
        "3": "دښمنان",
        "4": "dux̌manân",
        "5": "دښمن",
        "6": "dux̌man",
        "7": "دښمنانو",
        "8": "dux̌manâno",
        "9": "دښمنه"
      },
      "name": "ps-decl-noun-2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Pashto",
  "lang_code": "ps",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ملګری"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pashto entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "enemy"
      ],
      "id": "en-دښمن-ps-noun-ZhDMVSRp",
      "links": [
        [
          "enemy",
          "enemy"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dux.man/",
      "tags": [
        "Peshawar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/duʂ.man/",
      "tags": [
        "Kandahar"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "دښمن"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "دشمن",
      "دشمن#Persian"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ps",
        "2": "fa-cls",
        "3": "دشمن",
        "tr": "dušman"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian دشمن (dušman)",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Classical Persian دشمن (dušman).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dux̌man",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ps-noun-m-animate",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمن",
      "roman": "dux̌man",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "direct",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمنان",
      "roman": "dux̌manân",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "direct",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمن",
      "roman": "dux̌man",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمنانو",
      "roman": "dux̌manâno",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "oblique",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمنه",
      "roman": "dux̌mana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "دښمنانو",
      "roman": "dux̌manâno",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ps",
        "10": "{{{f}}}",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{pl}}}",
        "7": "",
        "8": "{{{m}}}",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f2tr": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "dux̌man"
      },
      "expansion": "دښمن • (dux̌man) m",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "g": "m",
        "tr": "dux̌man"
      },
      "expansion": "دښمن • (dux̌man) m",
      "name": "ps-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "دښمن",
        "10": "dux̌mana",
        "11": "دښمنانو",
        "12": "dux̌manâno",
        "2": "dux̌man",
        "3": "دښمنان",
        "4": "dux̌manân",
        "5": "دښمن",
        "6": "dux̌man",
        "7": "دښمنانو",
        "8": "dux̌manâno",
        "9": "دښمنه"
      },
      "name": "ps-decl-noun-2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Pashto",
  "lang_code": "ps",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ملګری"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pashto entries with incorrect language header",
        "Pashto lemmas",
        "Pashto masculine nouns",
        "Pashto nouns",
        "Pashto terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
        "Pashto terms derived from Classical Persian"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "enemy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "enemy",
          "enemy"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/dux.man/",
      "tags": [
        "Peshawar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/duʂ.man/",
      "tags": [
        "Kandahar"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "دښمن"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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"دښمن" meaning in All languages combined

Noun [Pashto]